CHAPTER 3 and 4 FOLLOW ALONG NOTES – Wiethop May 2021
There are __________ major parts to a cell:
1. ___________________________________ 2. ___________________________________ 3. ___________________________________
THE PLASMA MEMBRANE
The plasma membrane is made up of a ____________________ ___________________.
Intermixed inside of the membrane are proteins. Those proteins are divided into two groups: 1. Integral proteins: ____________________________________________________ 2. Peripheral proteins: __________________________________________________
There are several funcAons of a membrane proteins: (what are they funcAons; are they integral or transmembrane proteins?)
1. Ion channel: ____________________________________________ ______________ 2. Carrier: ________________________________________________ ______________ 3. Receptor: ______________________________________________ ______________ 4. Enzyme: _______________________________________________ ______________ 5. Linker: ________________________________________________ ______________
CHAPTER 3 and 4 FOLLOW ALONG NOTES – Wiethop May 2021
6. Cell IdenAty Marker: _____________________________________ ______________
The ability to move proteins around the bilayer is known as: _______________ ____________?
______________ ________________: the cell membrane will only allow certain molecules to enter or exit the cell.
A _______________ _________________ is the difference in chemical concentraAon on each side of the plasma membrane. A _______________ _________________ is the difference in ion concentraAon on each side of the plasma membrane. Together, those gradients make up an ___________________________ __________________.
Transport processes across a cell membrane are: Passive processes _______________ ___________________ _______________ ___________________ ____________________ AcAve processes _____________ and _______________ ____________________ ____________________ ____________________
SIMPLE DIFFUSION
_____________________ is the movements of chemicals across a membrane from an area of _______________ concentraAon to an area of _______________ concentraAon. What factors influence diffusion?
1. _________________________________ 2. _________________________________ 3. _________________________________ 4. _________________________________ 5. _________________________________
CHAPTER 3 and 4 FOLLOW ALONG NOTES – Wiethop May 2021
The movement across a membrane via use of transmembrane proteins that are too polar or too highly charged to move through the lipid bilayer: ____________________ ________________.
CYTOPLASM Divided into 2 components:
1. _____________________ – also known as the intracellular fluid porAon of the cytoplasm.
2. _____________________ – the specialized structures that have specific shapes and perform specific funcAons.
DNA STRUCTURE AND FUNCTION ________ is the structure within a cell that carries the geneAc material for inheritance. It is found in the ______________________ and the ________________________ of the cell.
DNA is commonly described to have a ________________________ structure that resembles a spiral staircase.
DNA is made up of four __________________________________________.
________________________ pairs with ________________________
________________________ pairs with ________________________
CHAPTER 3 and 4 FOLLOW ALONG NOTES – Wiethop May 2021
If you were to look into the nucleus of a cell for the DNA, you would find it not as only strands of a double helix structure but rather complexed with proteins and filaments into a structure called _________________ which can be further condensed into 46 _____________________.
PROTEIN SYNTHESIS
DNA STRUCTURE AND FUNCTION ________ is the structure within a cell that carries the geneAc material for inheritance. It is found in the ______________________ and the ________________________ of the cell.
DNA is commonly described to have a ________________________ structure that resembles a spiral staircase.
DNA is made up of four __________________________________________.
________________________ pairs with ________________________
________________________ pairs with ________________________
If you were to look into the nucleus of a cell for the DNA, you would find it not as only strands of a double helix structure but rather complexed with proteins and filaments into a structure called _________________ which can be further condensed into 46 _____________________.
CELL DIVISION A human cell divides via ____________________, which is broken down into the following phases:
__________________________: occurs in the nucleus. The process by which genetic info encoded in __________ is copies into a strand of __________ to direct protein synthesis.
__________________________: occurs in the nucleus and is the process of reading __________ nucleotide sequence to determine the amino acid sequence of the newly formed protein.
CHAPTER 3 and 4 FOLLOW ALONG NOTES – Wiethop May 2021
A) ___________________________: chromaAn condenses into chromosomes and the nuclear membrane disappears and centrosomes move to the opposite poles
B) ____________________________: centromeres of chromosomes line up at the
______________________ plate
C) ____________________________: centromeres of chromosomes split, and sister
chromaAds move toward opposite poles of the cell
D) ____________________________: the mitoAc spindle dissolves, chromosomes
regain their chromaAn appearance, and a new nuclear membrane forms
CHAPTER 3 and 4 FOLLOW ALONG NOTES – Wiethop May 2021
AGING AND CELLS
As we age, our cells: 1. _____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
2. _____________________________________________________________________
3. _____________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________
Cancer:
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